*75 




The IiiVentiVene?^ of Chaqce. 



Nothing more Vast, Grand or Magnificent than the 

Famous caverns of Luray, Lighted by the 

ELECTRIC Light. 







ill ((aPWOtn® 



Prop' 



The INN is a b eautifully constructed house, complete 
in all details. Has a cuisine of particular excel- 
lence. Music and other amusements. 



B. K. MULLIN, 



PrapriEtar. 



McGLELLAM + pUgE, 

CENTRE SQUARE, 
Rates, $l.SO per day. GETTYSBURG, PA. 



SIMUN J. UILLER, Prop. 

POST 9. G. A. R. 



Will be glad to see ;his old friends. House Newly Reno- 
vated, and in Connplete Order. 



Large and Commodious Sample Rooms. First- 
Class Accommodations in every respect. 



Good Stabling, Careful and Attentive Host- 
lers. A Livery ^vith all kinds of 
Vehicles. 



For Teams, Battle-Field Hacks and Guides, ap- 
ply at Office. 



N. B.— Billiard and Pool Rooms Attached. 



TIP>T03Sr'S 

ORIGINAL 



ettysburg Views 







Views OF EVERY Point OF Interest . 
ON THE Field, views of all Monuments. Groups 
OF EVERY Occasion of Interest. 



JVIy collection embraces thousands of negatives, dating 

f ronn tne Battle to the present time, and in all sizes 

from stereoscopic size to 20x24- inches for 

Framing or Easel. Catalogue mailed 

on Application. 

I have had an experieuce of 23 years on this field. My facilities for 
this class of work are not excelled, by any establishment in the country. 
My productions are too well known in every State in the Union, as well 
as many places in Europe, to require any claim of superiority here. 

Visitors to Gettysburg are cordially invited to call and examine my 
views, courteous and polite attention to all, whether you come to pm*- 
chase or to while away a leisure hour. Orders by mail tilled with 
promptness and care. 



The Battle-Field Photographer, 

Chambersburg St., third door from Centre Square, 
GETTYSBURG, PA, 



LANTERN SLIDES, GUIDE BOOKS, ETC. 

N B.— The Engravings in this Book are made from Tipton's Photographs. 

c 61608 

'06 



MT7MFBR <& CO., 

""rBT™"";!.^"' + Battle-Fielfl Plotopplie 



t), 




View s from every point of tlie field from stereoscopic size to 24x30, 
the largest woi-k done on the fleld. Our facilities for making this 
work cannot be excelled. The large salesrooms in the valley of death 
near Devil's Den, is the place to get pictures of the Battle-field of 
Gettysburg, and right there at the den Tourists should not fail to 
have their friends and themselves photographed. Send for 1887 cata- 
logue. This group of monuments was made from 



MUMPER ^ GP.'«-Photographi 



ASK YOUR NEWSDEALER 

FOR THE 

BifeUe ©f (SelitiYSlByFg, 

Compiled by < 

W. B. BALCH, 

The most concise history of the battle published, with a complete 
Roster of the troops of both armies. 



PRICE ONLY 15 Cents. 



A liberal discount to the trade. If your newsdealer does not keep it, 

send 15 cents to 

WM. H. WOODWARD, 
Supt. G. & H. R. R. CARLISLE, PENNA. 

Jas. T. Long, 

GETTYSBURG, 

Whe RGFi©wFied Bablle-Field Suide, 

Can be engaged by G. A. R. Posts, Churches and Societies, to deliver 
a Descriptive and Illustrated Lecture on the 

BATTLE X OF ^ 6ETTYSBURG, 

Exhibiting over 300 views vividly portraying scenes of the Great Battle. 
Many of said views were taken by the well-known Government Photo- 
grapher during the battle, and immediately thereafter, with all monu- 
ments since erected on the field, and a grand view of the National 
Cemetery. For circulars and full particulars, address 

JAS. T. LONG, 

Gettysburg, Pa, 





M 




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TEMPERANCE HOTEL. 

The only Hotel in Gettysburg: that does 

not sell Liquor of any kind. 



COR. OF CARLISLE 

AND RAILROAD STS. 



Gettysburg, Pa 






Table First- 
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Rates, = $1. 5() to $2.00 per day. 



' For Hacks and Battle-field Guides apply at the Offlce. 



EAGLE HOTEL 

GETTYSBURG, PA. 



s) X^\ 



One Block from Gettysburg and Har- 
risbu rg R. R. Depot Headqua-rters for 
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cheerfully given. 



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TERMS, - $2.00 A Day. 



H. YINGIvINO, - PRORRIKXOR 



N. B.— Free Buss from and to all Trains. 



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CENTRAL PART OF TOWN. 






M. U ARNOLD, Proprietor. 
CARLISLE, PA. 



GLOBE HOTEL, 

Near Centre Square. GETXYSBURO, F*A. 



F. S. RAMER, Prop. 



First-Class Accommodations $1.50 per day. 



N. B.— Free Buss to and from all depots. A Good 
Livery Attached to Hotel. 



Ramer's Restaurant^ 

CARLISLE STREET, 

A few doors north Of Centre Sq. (jrGttySDUrg, ITS.* 



FULL BILL OF FARE EVERY DAY. 



All the Choice Brands of Malt Liquors, Wines, &c. 

Constantly on Hand. The Best Cigars 

A Specialty. 



N. B -The only Cafe in Town. 



L. RAMER, Prop 



AND THE 

(§j|reat (oKrmy of (generous ^outh, 

IN WHOSE SOULS THE STIRRING 
REMINISCENCES OF 



THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG 



FIND A PLACE. 



HARRISBURG ■ 

EDWIN K. MEYEKS, PKINTEK AND BINDER, 
1887. 






\ i 




^>c. 



riota Si)ene, 




HE purpose of this little book 
is, perhaps, sufficiently evident. 
We want to interest the public 
in the Great Battle-field of 
Gettysburg, so that all may 
be induced to visit it. Get- 
tysburg is only beginning to 
be appreciated. 150 thous- 
'f and persons visited the field 
during the Summer of 1885, 
but hundreds of thousands 
should come. No American's 
historical education is com- 
plete until he has made a 
thorough study of this piv- 
otal battle-ground. To the patriotic pubhc this pamphlet wiU 
show, in part, what soldiers and others have already done to 
mark the historic parts of the Battle of Gettysburg. It will 
also indicate what every traveler will be glad to know, that a 
new, direct and comfortable route is now opened by way of 
Harrisburg, over the Cumberland Valley and Gettysburg and 

Harrisburg Rail Roads, to Gettysburg. 

A. J. McC. 



BASE OF MONUMENT. 




ura. 



THE Battle of Gettysburg was, by all odds, the most stupen- 
dous as well as momentous contest of the civil war. For 
this reason tourists and travelers cannot afford to neglect 
a study of its parts. Fortunately no battle-field is better marked 
and preserved. The Battle-field Memorial Association own and 
control the entire line of battle. Trenches, lunettes, breast-works 
hastily-constructed walls, cannon, numerous illustrations of the 




72dPa, Vols. 
fearful science of war — are yet to be seen ; while the terrific rain 
of lead, iron and explosives, continued throughout three days, has 
left its mark on fence and tree, wall and house. A number of 



5 — 



States have appropriated money for the erection of monuments 
and tablets, consequently many regiments have visited the field 
and marked the spot where they went into the engagement or 
where some distingaished comrade fell. One may ride for miles, 
over the beautiful drive-way, laid out along the line of battle, past 
numerous evidences of patriotic remembrance in marble, granite 
and polished shaft. Relics there are innumerable, even after these 
years — bullets, bayonets, shells. The ground was sown with them, 
and lo ! these twenty years have not reaped them all. Sown, alas, 
with human bodies as well. Forty thousand mown down in that 
mighty harvest of death. We cannot appreciate the magnitude 
of this, save by imagining such a city as Harrisburg annihilated. 
And so we have here a city of the dead, the Nation's Cemetery, 
consecrated by our martyred Lincoln, wherein reposes the dust 
of thousands of our dead heroes ; under the shadow of a noble 
monument, in well ordered graves, over which the roses bloom 
and bird and bee flit, unconscious of the precious treasures of the 
Republic lying here. 

" Soldier rest ; thy warfare o'er, 
Sleep the sleep that knows not breaking ; 
Dream of battle-fields no more, 
Days of danger, nights of waking." 

The Battle of Gettysburg is the general name given to a strug- 
gle which took place, not in Gettysburg town nor a field out of 
town, but in and through the twenty-five square miles of mag- 
nificent country, of which Gettysburg is more or less the center. 
If we include the cavalry skirmishes, twenty-five square miles 



Numerous children were bom during the battle of Gettysburg. Nota- 
bly a German woman brought forth twin boys, who henceforth date 
their lives from that era of blood. 

Drummer Gilbert's wife was driven from her baking tray by the 
Confederates, so, emulating in her wrath the famous Molly Pitcher, she 
marched to the front and remained by her husband. 

— 6 — 



will not cover the ground fought over. Nearly two hundred thou- 
sand men entered into the contest. The country is open and 
beautiful, with here and there a heavy wood or rocky hollow. 
The immense primeval earth-waves which moulded the Blue Eidge 
and South Mountains, the former about ten miles away, and the 
latter forming a near wall of our battle-ground, have here, as it 
were, spent themselves in ripples, forming the gentler undula- 




91st Pa. V. Vols. 
tions of Seminary and Cemetery Eidges. These run almost par- 
allel to each other, and for the most part in a northerly and south- 
erly direction, and were occupied respectively by the Confederate 

Saddest of all is the story told of Hummiston, who was found sitting 
upright against a tree, dead, looking at an ambrotype of his wife and 
children. His children were brought to the Orphans' Home at Gettys- 
burg. 



and Federal forces. The Eound Tops, Big and Little, raise their 
heads abruptly at the southern end of Cemetery Eidge, as if na- 
ture intended them for observatories or points of vantage. Little 
Bound Top, the most celebrated, because of the fierce struggle 
waged round its base and on its summit, was the strategic point 
of the battle, and has been fitly called the Gibraltar of Gettys- 
burg. From observatories the eye sweeps over a landscape view 
of magnificent scope and grandeur. To one ahve to the beauties 
of nature, this view alone is sufficient to stir the mind and heart 
with sublime and inspiring thoughts. What then are the feel- 
ings of those who can in imagination roll back the veil of twenty 
years, and, standing on this breezy summit, catch the inspiration of 
the past and in the march of mind rehearse the evolutions of that 
great battle whose stage is so grandly spread before them. 

" Battle's magnificently stem array, 

The thunder clouds . . . 

The earth covered thick with other clay. 

Eider and horse, friend, foe, in one red burial blent." 

in this broad and mellowed landscape, fit amphitheater for such 
a mighty combat, all at once were concentrated deeds, activities, 



Between 4,500 and 5,000 horses were killed at the battle of Gettys- 
burg. 

Evert church and public building was used for hospitals, in fact, 
Gettysbm-g became for the time one vast hospital. 

The college building, just north of the Gettysburg and Harrisburg 
Kailroad depot, was used by General Lee as an observatory during the 
battle. 

Evert one has read of the sweet and comely Jennie Wade, who was the 
only woman killed at Gettysburg. It is not so well known that she was 
engaged to and corresponded with Corporal Skelly, for whom Gettys- 
burg G. A. E. Post is named. He fell at Winchester ; this she had not 
learned ; was it not poetic justice, if yet unkind fate, which led that 
stray bullet to snap the golden cord, ere her lover's death had broken 
her heart. 

— 8 — 



terrible earnestness. The world for three days centered here, and 
voices, and cannon, and horses neighing, and colors, and move- 
ments in the quick gathering of mighty armies, burst upon the 




Battery B, 1st Pa. Light Artillery. 
bewildered country. Miles of bristhng armed men, an avalanche 
of cannon, wagons, horses — the tramp of many feet and the sound 
of many voices like a storm sighing and gathering in the pine for- 
ests. There is no natural beauty so grand, no event so thrilling, 
no scene so inspiring, as the landscape scarred and marked with 
evidences of heroic deeds and terrific contest. Niagara appeals 



During the night of the 2d, Confederate and Federals mingled freely 
in obtaining water from Spangler's spring for the wounded. 

Confederate sharpshooters occupied a large house in fancied security, 
when suddenly a Union shell tore through the wall, sweeping furniture 
before it with more haste than grace. Similar was the experience of 
Mrs. Little and family, who just rising from their supper table had it 
abruptly cleared for them by a shell. 



to our appreciation of the sublime and beautiful; Yellowstone 
Park and the cafions of the Colorado in like manner. The cav- 
erns of Luray present the weird and wonderful. Natural beauty, 




2d Mass. Vol. Infy. 
picturesque scenery, grandeur of height, depth, extent, color, greet 
us all over our beloved domain, but on the great Battle-field of Get- 
tysburg we bow to higher, holier sentiments — patriotism, devotion, 
self-sacrifice, heroism. Only a soldier knows the magic of that 
word " Gettysburg," to conjure up a picture. He alone appre- 
ciates its fearful sacrifices, the immortal deeds of valor, the throng- 
ing incidents that were concentered here. 



Mm:.TiTUi)ES of buzzards, that filthiest of bu-ds, swarmed over the 
battle-field, both during and after the battle. 

Sitting around a camp-fire at the foot of Benner's hill, on one of the 
nights of the battle, Captain Thompson predicted his own death thus ; 
"Well, boys, when I go up I'll go up quick." Next morning he mounted 
a caisson during the heat of the battle, and a shell bursting beneath 
him hurled him into eternity. 



— 10 — 



When Tve consider the mighty forces and issues of this battle 
we are appalled at its importance, and tremble at the fates which 
hung in the balance during that mighty trinity of days. 



f^^ 










106th Pa. Vols. 
Not only were here gathered the great and valiant army of 
Meade, culled from the strong armed, determined, industrious 
North, and the splendid veterans of Lee, on which the chivalrous 



General Weed was killed by sharp shooters concealed in Devil's 
Den ; while Lieutenant Haslett was receiving his dying message he too 
was shot and sunk down dead beside his friend. 



— 11 — 



heart of the South had lavished its wealth, an army such as the 
South could never mass again, toward whose General the eyes 
of the leaders and strong men of the Confederacy were turned 
with pride and confidence; a General so noble, so splendid in 
military genius, that had not lamentable fate persuaded him 
into a mistaken loyalty, as we deem it, the whole world might 
have done him honor. Not only were two such grand armies 
opposed, but behind these an invisible army was mustered. On 
the side of one, forces of disruption and chaos, accursed slavery ; 
hatred of liberty and popular government ; sympathies of tyrants 
and monarchical government; our unnatural mother, England, 



The National Cemetery was dedicated November 19, 1863. The ora- 
tion was delivered by Edward Everett, and an address by President 
Lincoln, 

Lincoln's address at the dedication of the National Cemetery ; 

" Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this 
continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the pro- 
position that all men are created equal. Now, we are engaged in a great 
civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived and 
so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of 
that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final 
resting-place for those who here gave their lives that the nation might 
live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, 
in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate — we cannot consecrate — we cannot 
hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled 
here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. 
The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it 
never can forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to 
be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here 
have thus far so nobly carried on. It is rather for us to be here dedicated 
to the great task remaining before ns — that from these honored dead 
we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last 
full measure of devotion. That we here highly resolve that these dead 
shall not have died in vain ; that this nation, under God, shall have a 
new birth of freedom ; and that the government of the people, by the 
people, and for the people, shaU not perish from the earth." 

— 12 — 



pressed by her selfish traders and manufacturers, yearning to re- 
cognize the Confederacy as a nation. And France too I closer to 
us through the ties of mutual blood shed for liberty than Brutus 
to Cjesar, waiting the moment to stab us in our rear by creating 
an empire in ^Mexico. All awaiting the result of that bold and 
deeply laid plan of invasion and destruction, which should at once 
win Europe's recognition and carry the wavering sympathizers 
by a signal victory in the enemy's own country. But a kind 
Providence had decreed otherwise, and 

" General Lee, flower of southern chivalry, 
Beaten and broken, backward reeled. 
From a stubborn Meade and a barren field." 

GETTYSBURG- Victory estabhshed "the Union one and in- 
separable," republican government, freedom to all men. It not only 
was decisive for us but for the whole human race in many of its 
issues. Historians are just beginning to remark on the vastness 
of its results A century may pass and new generations fill the 



The Gettysburg monument was formally dedicated July 1, 1869. 
General Meade made an address. Governor Morton an oration, and Bay- 
ard Taylor contributed an ode. The members of this triumvirate of 
genius and patriotism are long since dead. 

Edward Everett delivered the oration at the dedication of the Get- 
tysburg Cemetery ; it was classic, polished and glowing. After he was 
through the rugged, great-hearted Lincoln, with his tired and care- 
fv^om face, arose and, it is said, hustled through his pockets until he 
Jrew forth a little dirty piece of paper on which were jotted the notes 
for that wonderful address, more like a prayer or benediction, and surely 
/in inspiration. After it, Mr. Everett said : "Ah ! Mr. Lincoln, I would 
gladly give aU my forty pages for your twenty lines." 

A TouNG Wentz, whose father lived near the Peach Orchard, went 
south before the war, when it broke out he donned the gray, and 
through the irony of fate stood during the battle of Gettysbm-g with his 
battery in his father's yard. Similar was the case of Gulp, a nephew of 
the owner of Gulp's hill. He went south before the war, joined the Con- 
federates, and came north to die on Gulp's hill, near where he was bom. 

— 13 — 



homes of our land, yet the word " Gettysburg" will not fail to call 
before memory the historic deeds enacted there. Here are no classic 
ruins, no mellow mysteries of heroic ages, no hoary past to venerate. 
Its deeds of valor are not chanted in undying epic or immortal 
poem, yet beside Thermopylse and Marathon, Waterloo and Bala- 
klava, with their kings and emperors to add the lustre of pomp 
and power, it stands. Fame has here forever set her mark. Its 
renown will grow. History has already seized upon it as one of 
the mighty and decisive battles of the world, and chronicled in 
burning language its heroic events. Art has applied her magic 
brush and chisel and fixed its scenes in immortal colors or endur- 
ing marble. Music and song have re-echoed in triumphant voices 
its glorious events. Orators have burned with enthusiasm as they 
rehearsed its deeds of valor; and many a veteran, a grandsire 
now, has, like the Spartan grandsire of old, caused the cheeks 
of his listening grand-children to tingle as he told of valorous 



They show visitors to Gettysburg what purports to be the only in- 
stance of two minnie balls meeting in air and welding together. It 
would hardly be safe to buy many such relics. 

Has any one remarked the number of Pennsylvania's gaUant sons who 
defended their native State as officers during the battle of Gettysburg. 
There was Meade, Hancock, Reynolds, Hays, Crawford, and we know 
not how many more. 

A NUMBER of wounded soldiers lay between the lines in front of 
Round Top, in the heat of the day, in their agony for water they 
"pieced up," to use their own term, and the man with two legs but 
no arms carried the man with two arms and no legs, together with the 
canteens, to the spring at Devil's Den, and thus obtained water. 

The little cannon belonging to Corporal Skelly Post, No. 9, of Gettys- 
burg, which now salutes both blue and gray coated veterans when they 
visit Gettysburg, was cast from the fragments of an exploded cannon 
of Reilly's N. C. battery. There is also in this same Post a pedestal 
made from a tree obtained at WUloughby Run, containing a shell stick- 
ing in it. It is now used to call soldiers of peace to order. 

— 14 — 



charges ant _erce encounters. Thus it enters into our every home 
and exalts liie life of the humblest man. For did not father, 
brother, neighbor, friend, march heroically into the cannon's 




First Division, Fifth Corps. 
mouth or rush through storms of shot and shell to victory, wounds 
and death ? From north, south, east and we?*", as the years go by, 
men will gather here, not as they once did, opposing ranks in 
mortal combat, but, sadly remembering the past, will clasp cordial 
hands in doing honor to the valiant dead. Then will Gettysburg 
indeed become the " Mecca of American Pteconciliation." 



A Pennstlva:nia reserve riding over the field twenty years after the 
war, told Holtzworth of stealing a blanket from a comrade during the 
night, because he was cold, and as a trick. In the morning he found 
that he from whom he stole the blanket was dead. 

One of the National Guard, in 1884, found a skull, from which he 
took a bullet with hair sticking to it. A ghastly relic of twenty years 
ago. Another man in digging post holes took from the thigh of a skele- 
ton part of a shell in which was clinging a piece of blue cloth. 

— 15 — 



In conclusion, let us add the eloquent words of one who was 
most prominent in valiant defense of Gettysburg — General Han- 
cock — he says: — 

" The historian of the future who essays to tell the tale of Get- 
tysburg, undertakes an onerous task, a high responsibihty, a sa- 
cred trast. Above all things, justice and truth should dwell in his 
mind and heart. Then dipping his pen as it were in the crim- 
son tide, the sunshine of heaven lighting his page, giving ' honor to 
whom honor is due,' doing even justice to the splendid valor alike 
of friend and foe, he may tell the world how the rains descended 
in streams of fire, and the floods came in billows of rebelhon, and 
the wind blew in blasts of fraternal execration and beat upon the 
fabric of the Federal Union ; and that it fell not, for resting on 
the rights and hberties of the people, it was founded upon a rock." 







c««At*i_ 



Gen. ZooTc. 



Christ Church, on Chambersburg street, was used as a hospital. 
Chaplain Howel, of the 90th Pa., was killed while entering it to attend 
to the spiritual wants of the dying. " He was faithful unto death." 



— 16 — 



MEMORIAL TABLETS. 



GETTYSBURG can truly claim to be the Monumental Battle- 
field. On ridges, in hollows, in the fields, in the woods, 
in swamps, everywhere, in usual and unusual places, the 
visitor comes upon monuments and tablets of noble de- 
sign and exquisite workmanship. Every summer month brings 
new tablets and bands of loyal veterans to their unveiling. It is 
to be hoped that the enthusiasm will not cease until every State, 
South as well as North, has marked with imperishable granite the 
positions of her vahant sons at Gettysburg. A National Memo- 
rial Church is soon to be erected of stones received from all parts 
of the country, bearing inscriptions in honor and in memory of 
dead heroes. Here on the walls and tower of a noble church the 
names of many dear dead will be lastingly inscribed. The follow- 
ing tablets have been erected on the battle-field: At the foot of 
Little Round Top a tablet marking the spot where Col. Fred, 
Taylor (brother of Bayard Taylor, poet and traveler,) fell while 
commanding the Bucktails of the Pennsylvania Reserves. Tablets 
along the road leading from the Emmittsburg road to Little Round 
Top, marking the spots where Gen. S. K. Zook, 3d Brigade, 2d 
Corps, Lieut. Col. H. C. Marvin, and Capt. Jed Chapman, 26th 
Conn. Yol, fell. On Little Round Top a tablet to Gen. Strong 
Vincent. On Culp's Hill, a handsome tablet erected by the 2d 
Mass. Infantry. On East Cemetery Hill, a memorial placed by 
Battery B, 1st Pa. Light Artillery, and one by the 106th P. V. ; 
also one by the 27th P. Y., and at the base one by the 153d P. V. 
On Battle-field Avenue, a monument by the 72d P. V. On Bar- 
low's Knoll, a massive granite tablet by the 17th Conn. In the 
rear of Devil's Den, a full granite statue of Col. EUis by the 124th 

— 17 — 




o 

CO 



o 
o 



o 



o 

X 



N". Y. Y. : also a tablet by the 14th Conn. The 88th P. V. erected 
three stones — one to mark their position on each day — one on 
Seminary Ridge, one in Ziegler's Grove, and one on the Avenue. 
A handsome cavalry shaft has been erected three or four miles 
from Gettysburg on the Bonaughtown road. Some of the hand- 
somest memorials, both in design and material, will be erected this 
summer. A partial hst is appended : 2d Co. Mass. Sharpshooters; 
9th Mass. Battery, three stones; 12th N". J.; 19th Mass.; 5th 
Mass.; 13th Mass.; 18th Mass.; 10th Mass.; 12th Mass.; 7th 
Mass. ; 20th Conn. ; 27th Conn. ; 68th Pa. ; 106th Pa. ; 93d Pa. 
(2); 27th Indiana; 68th N. Y.; 1st Mass. Battery; 3d Mass. 
Battery ; probably the Reynolds monument for which the State 
lately made an appropriation. 



NAMES, PLACES, LANDMARKS. 



CITIES occupying many thousands of acres of land come 
through the necessities of their growth to bear various 
names in their different parts, this town, that town, this 
quarter, that quarter, West city. East city, &c., grows 
upon them naturally. Included in Gettysburg Battle-field are 
thousands of acres, in woods, hiUs, fields and swamps, which 
bear for their several parts as definite names as any city and far 
more famous. In three days they were christened — in fire, in 
blood, most of them. Seminary Ridge, occupied by the Confed- 
erates, and so named from the Lutheran Theological Seminary ; 
Cemetery Ridge, occupied by the Union forces, and named from the 
old Evergreen (Citizen) Cemetery ; Culp's Hill, with its trees shat- 
tered and battered by bullets and shells; Wolf's Hill; Spangler's 
Spring; Little Round Top, the Gibraltar of the battle; Big Round 
Top, with its great Observatory ; Devil's Den, stronghold of the 
Confederate sharpshooters; the Peach Orchard and Wheat Field, 

-19— 



both fought over many times; the Codori Farm buildings and 
Umbrella Clump of Trees, centre and focus of Pickett's disastrous 
charge; the Valley of Death, in front of Little Eound Top; spot 
where Reynolds was killed; spot where Hancock was wounded; 
Farm House on Taneytown road, Meade's Headquarters ; Stone 
House on Chambersburg pike, Lee's Headquarters ; Pennsylvania 
College, hospital and observatory, as was also the Seminary : 
Battle-field Avenue, laid out by the Memorial Association along 
the Union line of battle; the l^ational .Cemetery, adjoining the 
Citizen Cemetery, in which is the National Monument and Rey- 
nolds' Statue; Battle-field Observatory, on East Cemetery Hill, 
where the Louisiana Tigers charged so valiantly; Barlow's Knoll; 
Powers' Hill; Herr's Ridge; Hospital Hill; Benner's Hill; Balti- 
more turnpike; Emmittsburg road; Chambersburg pike, over 
which part of Lee's army came to G-ettysburg ; Hagerstown pike, 
over which Lee's army retreated to the Potomac ; the old Rail- 
road Cut, where G-eneral Archer and fifteen hundred men were 
captured by the Iron Brigade ; Katalysine Springs ; Round Top 
Park, terminus of G-ettysburg and Harrisburg Railroad. 



WHO, HOW MANY, AND WHERE. 



THE two great armies engaged in the battle of Gettysburg 
were the Army of the Potomac, under General George 
G-. Meade, estimated at ninety thousand strong, and the 
Army of Northern Virginia, under General Robert E. 
Lee, probably one hundred thousand str9ng. Of Meade's army 
twenty-three thousand were killed and wounded ; of Lee's army 
twenty-nine thousand were killed and wounded. Under Meade, 
as commanders of corps, were General Slocum, commanding the 
12th corps, occupying, with G-eneral WiUiams, Wolf's Hill and the 
space between Wolf f.nd Gulp's hills, where was Spangler's spring; 

—30- 



General Howard, Uth corps, occupying Cemetery HUl; G^eral 
Doubleday, 1st corps, Reynolds old corps, occupying with Wads- 
"orth par of Ccmc^ry Hill and Gulp's Hill; Gf-^l Hancock, 
Id corps holding a middle position to the left of Meade's head- 
'uartlr '; General Sedgwick, 6th corps, together with Gener^ 
lickles 3d corps, occupying the space between Hancock and 
'Sound Top ; General Sykes, 5th corps, holding Little Round 
Too itself. Under Lee was Longstreet's corps, facing Sykes and 
Sickles and therefore Little Round Top , A. P. Hill's corps, facmg 
fhl sp^e between Round Top and Cemetery HjU; EwelTs^^^ 
holding Gettysburg town and facing Cemetery Gulp «-d Wok's 
Hilk Each one of Lee's three corps was divided into d.v^ions^ 
corresponding to and more than equaUing in number the TJmon 



corps. 



ALONG THE ROAD. 



HARRISBURG, the capital of Pennsylvania, on the Sus- 
quehanna river, is the focusing point for railroads non- 
ning north, south, cast and west through Pe^Wl™"'^ 
Here the traveler bound for Gettysburg Battle-fidd 13 
courteously transferred to the swift-running trains of the Cum- 
berland Valley Railroad, to which Gettysburg and Harrisburg 
through cars are attached. If he, the aforesaid traveler, is wise 
he wl from this point eschew "Seasides," "Frankhn Squares 
or IL reading matter, be it ever so interesting, for he immedi- 
llvcroses the long bridge over the Susquehanna from which 
Se seen up and do.vn the river one of the most picturesque 
and rLtful views imaginable. He must not fail t^ look up Ae 
:rver when half way over this splendid bridge. J^^e -^ ^- 
serves a reputation far beyond what it has received. The broad 
rivlr, the green islands, the clear waters, the high banks, the 



— 21- 



lovely gap with the softly rounded hill in the midst, pulsating in 
it« living green, like a beautiful bosom, from which the children 
of earth might draw their sustenance ; if not, at least an inspira- 
tion comes to the man of soul drinking in such a picture. But 
the agriculturally unequalled Cumberland Yalley is beyond. The 
broad, level farms, the fine buildings, the bounteous crops invite 
your attention— you will never see their like. At Carhsle, where 
the Gettysburg and Harrisburg turns away toward the mountains, 
are the old Government Barracks originally built by the Hessians 
captured by Washington at Trenton. The Barracks were used 
as a recruiting station and prison until 1836, then rebuHt and used 
as a training school for soldiers until July 1st, 1863, when they 
were burned by the Confederates. Again rebuilt, they now are 
used by Captain Pratt for his famous Indian Training School. 
Here the Government has attacked the Indian question in a broad, 
practical fashion and vindicated its claim to be a humane and 
Christian nation. The school is constantly visited by Legislatures, 
Cabinets, and other official bodies, and is weU worth a short visit 
•irom any one. Look to the mountains, the same South Mount- 
ains over which the great armies of Meade and Lee struggled into 
Gettysburg. Before plunging into them you will pause at Mount 
Holly Springs. At the entrance to the gap the town hes, as if 
taking a last look at the fertile Cumberland YaUey. Mount Holly 
Sprinc^s is a favorite summer resort. The traveler will find here 
a dehghtf ul hostehy called the " HoUy Inn," " which has been re- 
modeled and refurnished, hghted with gas throughout, hot and 
cold baths on each floor, large shaded lawns and miles of shady 
walks beside beautiful Mountain creek. The drives are pleasant, 
the boating excellent, good trout, bass and pickerel fishing near 
by excellent hunting among the mountains, boarding and Hvery 
stables connected with the Inn, telegraph and telephone connec- 
tions, with four daily mails north and south. The gap between 
* the mountains is narrow and funnel-shaped, causing a constant 



-.-23- 



current of air that tempers the heat of the day and makes the 
nights dehghtfully cool and pleasant. The dryness of the air as 
it comes from the pine-covered mountains gives health and vigor. 
The v^ater is pure, cold spring mountain water. The scenery is 
picturesque and grand. The Inn is within three-quarters of an 
hour's ride by rail from the Battle-field of Gettysburg, and twenty 
minutes ride to the Grovernment Indian Training School at Carlisle." 
"Holly Inn," Mount HoUy Springs, Cumberland county. Pa., on 
the G-ettysburg and Harrisburg Railroad, is decidedly a place of 
interest to the weary traveler or summer tourist. Like the Lotus 
eaters having once tasted we would always hnger here, but our 
train pushes into and up and over the South Mountains, reaching 
at one time a point one thousand feet above sea level, where 
splendid glimpses of the geological moulding of this historic mount- 
ain can be obtained. From this elevated plateau on into G-ettys- 
burg there is one succession of magnificent landscape views until 
the great battle-field plain is reached — to describe any one of them 
properly is well nigh impossible. One seems to be standing on 
mountain-tops in truth, while sweeping plains, smiling valleys, 
narrow gorges, and closely assembled hiUs flit by. 



The splendid semi-colossal bronze statue of General Keynolds, which 
stands at the entrance to the National Cemetery and faces that part of 
the battle-field on which he was killed, is made from cannon donated 
by the State of Pennsylvania. 

Sergeant Holtzworth, the battle-field guide, found in 1884, a silver 
watch hidden under a boulder near Devil's Den. It is a detached lever, 
13 karat, London watch, made by Thomas P. Cooper. The hands and 
mainspring had to be renewed. After its twenty years rest it keeps 
good time. 






TIME AND DISTANCE 

OF PRINCIPAL CITIES FROM GETTYSBURG. 



BOSTON, 15i hours, or 480 miles from Gettysburg. 
New York, 7i hours, or 246 miles from Gettysburg. 
Philadelphia, 5 hours, or 155 mHes from Gettysburg. 
Washington, 6f hours, or 177 miles from Gettysburg. 
Baltimore, 5f hours, or 135 miles from Gettysburg. 
Buffalo, 15 hours, or 387 miles from Gettysburg. 
Pittsburgh, 9 hours, or 299 miles from Gettysburg. 
Cleveland, 15^ hours, or 448 miles from Gettysburg. 
Cincinnati, 20 hours, or 611 miles from Gettysburg. 
Louisville, 24|- hours, or 790 miles from Gettysburg. 
St. Louis, 32i hours, or 920 ndles from Gettysburg. 
Chicago, 22i hours, or 767 miles from Gettysburg. 
Harrisburg, 2 hours and 25 minutes, or 50 miles from Gettys- 



burg 



Harrisburg being a central point for those going east, west, 
north and south, makes it always possible for travelers to visit 
Gettysburg by purchasing at this city one of our cheap excursion 
tickets to that historic field. 

Information relative to Gettysburg battle-field, Round Top 
Park, or Pme Grove Park, round trip ticket (with guide and car- 
riage) from Harrisburg, chculars, guide books, etc., can be ob- 
tained from Wm. H. Woodward, superintendent of the Gettysburg 
and Harrisburg raih-oad. Pine Grove Furnace, Cumberland county, 
Penna. 



—25— 



Settpufj Battle- Field. 



GETTYSBURG is undoubtedly the most interesting point in the 
United States for the tourist, either soldier or citizen to visit. 
In almost every portion of our great country the traveler can 
find grand scenery, ftiajestic mountains, beautiful lakes, and beyond 
description, the beautiful handiwork of our Creator, in mighty ocean, 
feubUme caverns, and impressive landscape. There is but one Gettys- 
burg. Here, two hundred thousand men met to decide, in the words 
of the lamented Lincoln : " That this nation under God shall have a new 
birth of freedom, and that the government of the people, by the people, 
and for the people, shall not perish from the earth." Here forty thou- 
sand men shed their blood, or laid down their lives to make the scene 
of Appomattox possible. Here, as in a great amphitheatre, met the 
great armies of the north and south, and the decisive battle of the war 
was fought. One can now stand on the parapet, thrown up by the 11th 
Corps, on Cemetery Hill, the spot where its gallant defenders, with 
stones from the wall, bravely defended their guns ; at the angle where 
Pickett's men, led by Garnet, Kemper, and Armistead, went into their 
death ; or on Little Round Top, and look across to the Peach Orchard, 
Wheat Field and Devil's Den, names all, now as famous as Waterloo or 
Marathon. To recount the great deeds, strong defences, and gallant 
charges of either armies or individuals, is not our object, but rather to 
ask you to visit this Battle-field, and to place in your hands some infor- 
mation which we hope will be of interest to you. 

GETTYSBURG BATTLE-FIELD MEMORIAL 
ASSOCIATION. 

Immediately after the battle, an association was formed, under the 
above title, which was granted a liberal charter by the State of Penn- 
sylvania, the Governor of the State being ex-officio President, and the 
Governors of all States contributing to its support, are ex-officio members 

— 26 — 



of tlie Board of Control. As fast as funds accumulated, by appropria- 
tions from the several States and sale of membership certificates to 
Posts of the Grand Army of the Republic and others, land was pur- 
chased by them, embracing about 450 acres. The appropriations made 
by the States for the purchase of land is as follows : Pennsylvania, 
$26,000 ; Minnesota, $1,000 ; Massachusetts, $5,000 ; Connecticut, $2,500 ; 
New York, $20,000 ; Rhode Island, $1,000 ; New Hampshire, $1,000 ; 
Maine, $1,000; Vermont, $2,500; New York, for Memorial Chapel, 
$50,000 ; Wisconsin, $1,500 ; a total of $123,000. The Association has 
done a great work in opening avenues on the lines of battle, making 
every point of interest accessible to carriages. Ai^propriations from 
other States, anything like proportionate to the above, would enable 
them to complete the work, and make the Battle-field a perpetual 
memorial. 

UNION REGIMENTS AND BATTERIES. 

The following is a roster of the troops by States, infantry, cavalry 
and artillery, under General Meade's command, July the 1st, 2d and 3d, 
1863, some of those not being engaged in the battle. They comprised 
249 regiments of infantry, 39 regiments of cavahy, and 72 batteries of 
artillery, 360 organizations, as follows : 

Infantry. Cavalry. Artillery. Tota 1 



Connecticut, . . 
Delaware, . . . 

Illinois, 

Indiana, . . . . . 

Maine 

Mai'yland, . . . . 
Massachusetts, . 
Michigan, . . . . 
Minnesota, . . . 
New Jersey. . . 
New Hampshire, 
New York, . . . 

Ohio, 

Pennsylvania, . 
Rhode Island, . . 
Vermont, . . . . 
West Virginia, . 
Wisconsin, . . . 
U. S. Regulars. . 



5 




3 


8 


2 






2 


1 


2 




3 


5 


1 




6 


10 


1 


3 


14 


3 


2 


1 


6 


19 


2 


4 


25 


7 


4 


1 


12 


1 






1 


12 


1 


2 


15 


3 




1 


4 


69 


8 


15 


92 


13 


1 


4 


18 


63 


10 


7 


85 


1 




5 


6 


10 


1 




11 


1 


2 


1 


4 


6 






6 


13 


4 


25 


42 



Gband Total, 



249 



39 



72 



360 



27 — 



CONFEDERATE REGIMENTS AND BATTERIES. 

The following is a roster of the troops by States, infantry, cavalry 
and artillery, under General Robert E. Lee's command, July 1, 2 and 3, 
1863. Although not numbering as many organizations, they contain a 
greater number of troops in proportion than the Union forces : 

Infantry. Cavalry. Artillery. Total' 

Alabama, 13 2 15 

South Carolina, 14 2 5 21 

North Carolina, o6 4 4 44 

Georgia, 38 3 7 48 

Florida, 4 4 

Louisiana, 10 7 17 

Mississippi, 11 1 i2 

Virginia, 49 20 37 106 

Maryland, 1 1 4 6 

Arkansas, 1 1 

Texas, 3 3 

Tennessee, 3 3 

Grand Total, 183 30 67 281 

The above roster is gathered from the History of the Civil War, by 
the Compte de Paris. 

MONUMENTS. 

The erection of regimental and other monuments on this Battle-field 
has more than any other, excepting the preservation of the natural and 
artificial defences by the Association, added to the great interest and 
readiness with which the field can be studied. There have been up to 
this time, 89 monuments erected, of which over 75 have been placed on 
the field in the past two years. Many have been erected by appropria- 
tions from States, Massachusetts giving $13,000 ; Rhode Island, $2,000 ; 
New Jersey, $2,500 ; Ohio, $5,000 ; Indiana, $3,000 ; Minnesota, $500; and 
New Hampshire, $2,000. To this has been added amounts given by the 
survivors, in other cases, entirely without State aid. Words cannot de- 
scribe these memorials in their beauty and appropriateness. The fol- 
lowing is the list by States and regiments : Connecticut, five, 5th, 14th, 
17th, "20th and 27th Infantry. Delaware, two, 1st and 2d Infantry. 
Indiana, six, 7th, 14th, 19th, 20th, 27th Infantry and 3d Cavah-y. Mas- 
sachusetts, twenty-four, 1st, 2d, 7th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 15th, 
16th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 22d, 32d, 33d, 37th Infantry, 1st, 3d 5th and 9th 
Batteries, 1st Cavalry, 1st and 2d Co. Sharpshooters. Minnesota, one, 
1st Infantry. New Jersey, two, 12th and 13th Infantry, New Torls, 
four, 14th, 124th, 157th Infantry and Cowan's Battery. Pennsylvania, 
twenty-eight, 23d, 27th, 28th, 29th, 68th, 69th, 71st, 72d, 75th, 88th, 
91st, 93d, 98th, 99th, 106th, 114th, 118th, 119th, 121st, 139th, 140th, 
147th, 149th, 153d and 155th Infantry, Knapp's, Hampton's and 

— 2S — 



Battery B, 1st Artillery. Rhode Island, four, 2d Infantry and Bat 
teries A, B and E, 1st Artillery. Miscellaneous, seven — Col. Fred. Tay 
lor, of Pennsylvania "Bucktails,'-' Gen. Zook, Gen. Vincent, marking 
spot where Gen. Reynolds was killed, erected by State of Pennsylvania ; 
Eeynold's monument, in National ('emetery, erected by 1st Corps ; 
Cavalry Shaft, erected by Gregg's Cavalry Division and Custer's Brigade, 
upon the ground occupied during the cavalry engagement of July 3d, 
on the extreme right, three and one-haK miles from Gettysburg. The 
National Monument, in the Cemetery, erected by the Soldiers' I^ational 
Cemetery Company, per act of Legislature of 1864, at a cost of over 
$50,000 ; also the monument of the 2d Maryland, Confederate, on Gulp's 
Hill. Others are locating and preparing monuments, and it is certainly 
worth the consideration of every organization on both sides who partic- 
ipated, marking for all time, and beyond question, the points that will 
be of lasting interest to coming generations. 

NATIONAL CEMETERY 

Was dedicated November 19th, 1863. The oration was delivered by 
Edward Everett, and an address by President Lincoln, his immortal 
"twenty lines." It is grandly situated on the slope of Cemetery Hill, 
and a most beautiful city of the dead. There are buried here 3,583 
Union soldiers, of which 979 are unknown ; 6 from Illinois, 11 Virginia, 
15 Delaware, 12 Rhode Island, 49 New Hampshire, 61 Vermont, 78 New 
Jersey, 73 Wisconsin, 22 Connecticut, 52 Minnesota, 22 Maryland, 104 
Maine, 171 Michigan, 867 New York, 536 Pennsjdvania, 159 Massachu- 
setts, 138 U. S. Ilegulars, 131 Ohio, 80 Indiana. Many of those who 
were killed or mortally wounded were removed by friends, the field 
being easily reached from the north. 

HOW TO GO TO GETTYSBURG. 

As we have told you that our object is to have you visit this great 
battle-field, we would say that as Harrisburg, Pa., is the point to which 
roads from the north, south, east and west centre, all travelers, either 
for business or pleasure, should stop and make the trip ; but two hours 
awav, with three trains each wav daily, (except Sunday.) Special round 
trip tickets on sale as follows : Good one day, for the round trip, $2.00. 
Sold from June 1st to October 1st, good to return up to November 
1st, $2.50. Special three day excursion ticket, good for passage three 
days, from and including date of sale, with hotel coupon, good for one 
dav's accommodation, (breakfast, dinner, supper and lodging) attached, 
$3.60. The Agent of the Cumberland Valley railroad, at Harrisburg, 
will give all information. The service of Holtzworth, the celebrated 
battle-field guide, with carriages, can be secured by telegraph from 
Harrisburg without extra charge. Special rates for large parties upon 
application to your Station Agent. Summer excursion tickets good be- 
tween June 1st and October^'lst, are ou sale at aU stations on Penn- 
sylvania Railroad System. 

— 29 — 



SPECIAL EXCURSION TICKET. 



The Pennsylvania Railroad Company have also placed on sale a 
special excursion ticket, good for passage three days from and includ- 
ing date of sale. This special ticket is good for one day's accommo- 
dation, (breakfast, dinner, sux)per and lodging,) at Gettysburg, and is 
on sale at all principal stations, as follows : 



Altoona, Pa., $7, 

Brooklyn, N. Y., 9. 

Bryn Mawr, Pa., 6. 

Chelton Ave., Pa., 0. 

Chestnut Hill, Pa., (J, 

Coatesville, Pa., 5. 

Columbia, Pa., 4. 

Danfllle, Pa., 5. 

Downingtown, Pa., 6, 

Frazer, Pa., 5. 

German town, Pa., 6. 

Germantown June, 6. 

Huntingdon, Pa., 0. 

Lancaster, Pa., 4. 

Liewisbnrg, Pa., 5. 

Manayunk, Pa.y. G. 

Middletonn, Pa., 3. 

Mifflin, Pa., 5, 

Millersburg, Pa., 4, 



45 
20 
35 
80 
90 
50 
40 
50 
70 
95 
SO 
75 
45 
60 
40 
65 
80 
00 
30 



Milton, Pa., $5.50 

Mt. Joy, Pa., 4.25 

Muncey, Pa., 5.95 

Aanticoke, Pa., 6.85 

Newark, N. J., 8.80 

Newport, Pa., 4.35 

New York City 9.00 

Norristown, Pa.; 7.00 

Parksbursr, Pa., 5.35 

Pliiladelphia, Pa 6.50 

Plioenixville, Pa., 7.35 

Pottstown, ra., 7.70 

Beading', Pa., 8.25 

Shamokin, Pa., 5.70 

Sunbury, Pa., . . 5.15 

Tyrone, Pa., 7.05 

Watsontown, Ha., .... . 5.65 

Wilkes-Bsrre, Pa., 7.05 

Williamsport, Pa., 6.30 



You will please note that the hotel coupon is valued at $2.00, and 
reduces the railroad fare that amount from each of the stations. Ask 
for tickets by way of Harrisburg. Your Station Agent can give all in- 
formation. 

For information in regard to Battle-field, &c., address 



J.T. LONG, 

Traveling Pass. Agt., 

Gettysburg, Pa. 



Wm. H.Woodward, 

SUPT. G. & H R. R. 

Carlisle, Pa. 



— 30 — 







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